Definition

1. Verb:
   • To reduce or lessen a punishment, penalty, or sentence, often as an act of leniency or clemency, typically granted by a competent authority.

Usage

• Verb:
  • The word ân giảm is used in legal and judicial contexts. It describes the official act of reducing the severity of a punishment that has already been imposed by a court. This action is a form of pardon or mercy, not a reassessment of the verdict itself.
  • It is often used with objects like "hình phạt" (punishment), "án tù" (prison sentence), or "mức án" (sentence level).
  • Example: Tòa án có thể xem xét ân giảm án tù cho phạm nhân có biểu hiện cải tạo tốt. (The court may consider mitigating the prison sentence for inmates who show good rehabilitation.)

Examples

• Verb:
  • Chính quyền đã quyết định ân giảm hình phạt cho một số tù nhân nhân dịp lễ lớn. (The authorities decided to mitigate the punishment for some prisoners on the occasion of a major holiday.)
  • Luật pháp quy định các điều kiện cụ thể để được ân giảm án. (The law stipulates specific conditions for having one's sentence mitigated.)
  • Người đó hy vọng sẽ được ân giảm thời gian thi hành án. (That person hopes to have their prison term reduced.)

Advanced Usage

• "Được ân giảm": To be granted a sentence reduction.
  • Nhờ lập công, anh ta đã được ân giảm một phần hình phạt. (Thanks to performing a meritorious deed, he was granted a mitigation of part of his punishment.)
• "Quyết định ân giảm": A decision on sentence mitigation/commutation.
  • Hội đồng ân giảm đã thông qua quyết định ân giảm. (The pardon board approved the decision on sentence commutation.)

Variants and Related Words

• Ân xá (Verb): To grant an amnesty or a pardon (often a complete forgiveness or release, broader than ân giảm).
  • Tổng thống đã ký sắc lệnh ân xá. (The president signed an amnesty decree.)
• Giảm án (Verb Phrase): To reduce a sentence (a more general term, often used in similar contexts).
  • Bị cáo đã làm đơn xin giảm án. (The defendant filed a petition for a sentence reduction.)
• Khoan hồng (Adjective/Verb): Lenient, merciful; to show leniency (describes the quality of mercy).
  • Thẩm phán tỏ ra khoan hồng trong bản án. (The judge showed leniency in the sentence.)

Synonyms

• Giảm nhẹ (Verb): To lighten, to reduce the severity (can be used more broadly, not exclusively legal).
• Khoan giảm (Verb): To reduce leniently (a more literary synonym combining leniency and reduction).

Related Phrases

• Xin ân giảm (Verb Phrase): To petition/apply for a sentence reduction.
  • Gia đình phạm nhân đang làm thủ tục xin ân giảm. (The inmate's family is completing procedures to petition for a sentence reduction.)
• Hội đồng ân giảm (Noun Phrase): Pardon board, clemency board.
  • Hồ sơ đã được chuyển đến Hội đồng ân giảm. (The dossier has been transferred to the Pardon Board.)

Related Idioms

• is a formal term and is not commonly used in idiomatic expressions outside of its specific legal context. Its usage is almost exclusively tied to the administration of justice and penal systems.

verb

1. To mitigate the punishment of
   • người tù được ân giảm
     a prisoner with a mitigated sentence